What is the meaning of the suffix "-iasis" in medical terminology?

The suffix "-iasis" in medical terminology indicates an abnormal condition or a pathological state, often resulting from a disease or an infestation. It is commonly used to denote the presence of a particular disease or disorder that has specific characteristics. For instance, the term "cholelithiasis" refers to the condition of having gallstones, which is an abnormal condition affecting the gallbladder.

This suffix is contrasted with other terminology that might imply normalcy, prevention, or acute phases of illness. Options like "normal condition" do not match the usage of "-iasis" as it specifically points to conditions that are abnormal or problematic. Similarly, "preventative treatment" and "acute phase" are concepts related to treatment and the time course of disease, which do not align with the specific meaning of "-iasis."